Gaiwan
Definition
A lidded bowl without a handle, consisting of three parts - saucer, bowl, and lid - used for brewing and drinking tea in Chinese tradition. Typically made from porcelain or ceramic, holding 100–150ml.
Why it matters
The gaiwan is arguably the most versatile brewing vessel in tea. Its neutral material doesn't absorb flavors (unlike Yixing clay), making it ideal for comparing different teas. It's the tool of choice for gongfu brewing and professional tea evaluation alike.